Dating Violence, Lifestyle and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Mexican Women University Students.

BACKGROUND: Dating violence is a prevalent issue among Mexican women, as is the incidence and prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The effects of dating violence can negatively impact lifestyle and, consequently, increase the risk of T2DM. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the influence of dating violence on lifestyle and the risk of T2DM in women university students from Mexico. METHODS: The study employed a cross-sectional and correlational design. The study population consisted of women university students. The sample size included 255 participants. Women aged 18 to 39 with current dating relationships and residency in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico, were included. Data collection was conducted from February to May 2023. Correlations and multiple linear regression models were conducted. RESULTS: A total of 255 women participated, with an average age of 21.6 years (SD = 3.2), and 32.2% had a history of intrafamily violence during childhood. 58.8% of the participants exhibited some level of risk of T2DM, and 56.7% of the lifestyle was mostly categorized as poor/fair. Detachment was the most prevalent type of dating violence, followed by coercion. Dating violence was correlated with lifestyle (r = -.430) and the risk of T2DM (r = .321). In the multiple linear regression model, dating violence influenced the risk of T2DM. CONCLUSIONS: Women who reported higher levels of dating violence have a less healthy lifestyle and a greater risk of T2DM. It is important to consider dating violence to improve lifestyle and prevent T2DM in Mexican women university students.

Motivos para el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de Chilpancingo Guerrero, México / Motives for alcohol consumption in Adolescents of Chilpancingo Guerrero, Mexico

El consumo de alcohol entre los adolescentes representa un problema de salud pública que conlleva a consecuencias adversas para la salud de la persona que lo consume, la familia y la sociedad. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación de los motivos para el consumo de alcohol y el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes en 356 adolescentes del Estado de Guerrero, México a través de un estudio descriptivo correlacional. Se identificó que el 67.9% de los adolescentes han consumido alcohol alguna vez en la vida, 44.7% en el último año y el 22.7% en el último mes. La edad inicio del consumo de alcohol fue a los 14.4 años y los adolescentes consumen 2.6 bebidas alcohólicas en una sola ocasión. Se identificó que los principales motivos para el consumo de alcohol están relacionados con aspectos sociales ( = 8.7) y para el manejo de problemas emocionales ( = 7.6) del adolescente. Además los resultados muestran una relación positiva y significativa entre los motivos para el consumo de alcohol y la cantidad del bebidas alcohólicas consumidas en un día típico (r s = .184, p= .018). Estos hallazgos exponen la magnitud del consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes, así como las motivaciones para el consumo de alcohol, los cuales servirán de base para que los programas de atención a la salud a los adolescentes puedan reorientar sus acciones y poder influir en la modificación de las conductas de riesgo de los adolescentes

The use of alcohol among teenagers represents a public health problem that leads to a series of negative health consequences for consumers, their families and society. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the causes of alcohol consumption and alcohol consumption in teenagers, covering 356 teenagers from Estado de Guerrero, Mexico, through a correlational descriptive study. It was identified that 67.9% of teenagers have consumed alcohol at least once in their lives, 47.7% in the past year and 22.7% in the last month. The onset age of alcohol consumption was at 14.4 years old and teenagers consume 2.6 alcohol beverages on a single occasion. It was identified that the main reasons for the use of alcohol in teenagers are related with social aspects ( = 8.7) and for handling emotional problems ( = 7.6). In addition, the results show a positive and significant relationship between the reasons for alcohol consumption and the amount of alcoholic beverages on a typical day. (rs= .184, p= .018). These findings set forth the scale of the use of alcohol among teenagers, as well as the reasons for alcohol consumption, which will serve as a starting point to help programs for teenagers’ health care to redirect their action in order to influence and modify risk behaviors in teenagers

Evaluación del efecto a largo plazo de interveniones educativas para el autocuidado de la diabetes / Assessing the long-term effect of educational interventions for self-managemment of diabetes

Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia respecto a la evaluación del efecto a largo plazo de intervenciones educativas para el autocuidado de la diabetes. Material y método: Búsqueda de artículos científicos introduciendo las palabras clave en las bases de datos EBSCO, PUBMED y buscador Google Académico. Se seleccionaron y revisaron artículos publicados desde enero 2001 hasta diciembre 2012. Resultados: Fueron seleccionadas y analizadas ocho intervenciones dirigidas a personas con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DMT2) de entre 30 y 85 años de edad, con mal control glucémico (HbA1c >7.4%) al inicio de la intervención. En cuanto a los resultados clínicos y bioquímicos después de la intervención, el IMC y la HbA1c se redujeron significativamente a los 6 meses (p<0.001, 1 estudio), 12 meses (p<0.001, 3 estudios), 2 años (p<0.001, 2 estudios), 3 años (p<0.001, 1 estudio), 4 años (p<0.001, 1 estudio) y 5 años (p<0.001, 1 estudio). Se reportó un buen nivel de conocimientos sobre la diabetes a los dos, cuatro y cinco años de seguimiento (p<0.001, 3 estudios). Se mantuvieron los cambios benéficos en el autocuidado a los 6 y 12 meses, dos, tres y cinco años respectivamente (p<0.001, 5 estudios), y también se reportaron mejoras en la calidad de vida a los 6 y 12 meses, dos, tres y cinco años (p<0.001, 7 estudios). Conclusión: La participación en una intervención DSME basada en el empoderamiento con apoyo permanente en el autocuidado, puede tener un efecto positivo y duradero en las conductas de autocuidado, la calidad de vida, salud metabólica y cardiovascular.

Objective: To examine the evidence regarding the evaluation of long-term effect of educational interventions for Diabetes Self-care (DSME). Methods: A search of scientific articles was performed by entering key words in the EBSCO databases, data PUBMED and Google Scholar search engine. For this purpose we selected and reviewed articles published from January 2001 to December 2012. Results: We selected and analyzed eight interventions for people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) between 30 and 85 years of age with poor glycemic control (HbA1c> 7.4% ) at the start of the intervention. As to of clinical and biochemical outcomes after intervention BMI and HbA1c were significantly reduced at 6 months (p<0.001, 1 study), 12 months (p<0.001, 3 studies), 2 years (p<0.001, 2 studies), 3 years (p<0.001, 1 study), 4 years (p<0.001, 1 study) and five years (p<0.001, 1 study). A good level of knowledge about diabetes at two, four and five year follow-up (p<0.001, 3 studies) were reported. Beneficial changes in self-care at 6 and 12 months, two, three and five years respectively (p<0.001, 5 studies) were maintained, and also reported improvements in quality of life at 6 and 12 months, two, three and five years (p<0.001, 7 studies). Conclusion: Participation in a DSME intervention based on empowerment with ongoing support in self-care, can have a lasting positive effect on self-care behaviors, quality of life, metabolic and cardiovascular health.